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Acknowledgments br Introduction Pulmonary fibrosis PF is
2025-02-27
Acknowledgments Introduction Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic, fibrosing interstitial pneumonia and a crushing disease that occurs as a result of a variety of lung injuries, including auto-immune, tuberculosis and traumatic insult [1], [2]. PF is characterized by the accumulation of extracel
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We conclude that Tetrapleura tetraptera fruits extract posse
2025-02-27
We conclude that Tetrapleura tetraptera fruits extract possess antiplasmodial activity and the results of this study justifies and confirms the traditional usage of this plant as malarial remedy. Acknowledgement Introduction The phylum apicomplexa comprises of nearly 5000 species, most of whi
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br Mechanism of action In general the main targets for
2025-02-27
Mechanism of action In general, the main targets for antifungal drug development are cell wall polymer (glucans, chitin, mannoproteins), cell membrane (especially ergosterol) biosynthesis, DNA and protein synthesis (topoisomerases, nucleases, elongation factors and myristoylation), and signal tra
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The mechanism of transformation into SCLC is
2025-02-26
The mechanism of transformation into SCLC is unclear but the loss of retinoblastoma gene (RB) seems important and constitutes an initial event in the tumorigenic process. Some reports revealed the role of the RB gene loss in EGFR mutated NSCLC who transformed into SCLC [15]. In NGS we retrieved mut
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Axl has been reported to mediate cell
2025-02-26
Axl has been reported to mediate cell-cell adhesion and sphere-growth [11], [18] and to be important for metastasis to secondary organs [12], [14], [20]. We found an Axl-dependent CCRCC-ability of sphere-formation and repopulation after non-adhesive growth. Axl-inhibited cells could not attach to ea
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br Results br Discussion AP a heterodimeric transcription fa
2025-02-25
Results Discussion AP-1, a heterodimeric transcription factor comprising various combinations of FOS, JUN, MAF, ATF, and CREB family proteins, has been known to play a pivotal role in leukocyte development for decades (Liebermann et al., 1998; Valledor et al., 1998). However, its participation
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MADS box proteins are combinatorial
2025-02-25
MADS box proteins are combinatorial transcription factors in that they often derive their regulatory specificity from other DNA binding or accessory factors. In many cases, the cofactor with which MADS box proteins interact specifies which genes are regulated, when they are regulated and if these g
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The importance of TARPs for AMPAR expression and
2025-02-25
The importance of TARPs for AMPAR expression and function was revealed initially in the cerebellum, where the lack of γ-2 in the mutant mice waggler and stargazer (stg/stg) was associated with a selective loss of AMPAR-mediated synaptic currents in cerebellar granule KN-93 (Chen et al., 2000; Hashi
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Albendazole br Downstream signalling of AKT A consensus
2025-02-25
Downstream signalling of AKT A consensus phosphorylation motif has been described for AKT substrates: R-X-R-X-X-S/T-B where X represents any amino Albendazole and B represents bulky hydrophobic residues (Alessi, Caudwell, Andjelkovic, Hemmings, & Cohen, 1996). Numerous AKT substrates have been pu
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The present study determined the effect of DCA on
2025-02-25
The present study determined the effect of DCA on VSMC calcification in vitro and in atherosclerotic ApoE-/- mice in vivo. We found that AM966 non-toxic concentrations of DCA, did not affect VSMC viability, induced calcification of VSMC in culture and increased atherosclerotic vascular calcification
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Endogenous adenosine systems have largely been implicated
2025-02-25
Endogenous adenosine systems have largely been implicated in drug actions by the demonstration that caffeine (non-selective A1R and A2AR antagonist) (see Section The issue of caffeine), in doses up to 7.5–10mg/kg, inhibits antinociception, and when this occurs, it CBiPES hydrochloride is generally a
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Adenosine receptors activate a number
2025-02-25
Adenosine receptors activate a number of signalling pathways involved in tissue survival including several mitogen-activated protein kinases (Fredholm et al., 2001). The common feature of all adenosine receptors is the positive coupling to ERK1/2, whilst A2B and A3 receptors can also activate the st
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Children with ADA SCID commonly suffer from a variety of
2025-02-25
Children with ADA-SCID commonly suffer from a variety of opportunistic infections, including viral, fungal, and mycobacterial infections. Due to defects in Cyclo and IG production, they are also susceptible to infection with encapsulated bacteria such as Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumo
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In order to investigate their effects in vitro therefore we
2025-02-25
In order to investigate their effects in vitro, therefore, we first used TE671 cells, which have provided a useful source of human AChR for in vitro and radioimmunoassay studies. We found no marked effect of either MuSK-MG or SNMG sera on AChR numbers or on AChR subunit expression. This appears to c
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Our studies also reveal the normal functional roles of the
2025-02-25
Our studies also reveal the normal functional roles of the MIR. Interaction between the MIR loop and the N-terminal α helix nucleates conformational maturation of AChR subunits, thereby promoting assembly of mature AChRs [52], [55]. This interaction in homologous parts of all AChR subunits appears t