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Brain damage diseases such as cerebral ischemia brain
2024-09-24
Brain damage diseases, such as cerebral ischemia, brain trauma and infection are characterized by the increase in oxygen free radicals. Therefore, deeper understanding of the character and mechanism of free radical damage in the brain is important to ultimately relieve diseases and promote recovery
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br The Molecular Machinery of Autophagy and Regulation
2024-09-24
The Molecular Machinery of Autophagy and Regulation by Sphingolipids Sphingolipid-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved stress response that typically promotes survival and antagonizes apoptosis. However, excessive autophagy was found to
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Based on currently available knowledge
2024-09-24
Based on currently available knowledge, autophagy supports adipocytes development and differentiation. In animals with specific skeletal muscle nourseothricin of Atg7, reduced adipogenesis was shown. In rodents, autophagy was decreased in adipose tissue of animals fed with high-fat diet (HFD). In c
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br Introduction The vacuolar ATPases V
2024-09-24
Introduction The vacuolar ATPases (V-ATPases) are ATP-driven proton pumps that play important roles in both normal and disease processes [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. V-ATPases within cells function in such processes as intracellular membrane traffic, protein processing and degradation, coupled transp
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In this study significant reduction in the HCO
2024-09-24
In this study, significant reduction in the HCO3− content in sham-operated and testosterone-treated rats following bafilomycin A1 administration suggested that V-ATPase could be involved in mediating the decrease in vas deferens fluid HCO3− content, most probably due to the increase in H+ secretion
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PGR regulation of epithelium stroma crosstalk is proven by n
2024-09-24
PGR regulation of epithelium–stroma crosstalk is proven by numerous studies that utilize genetically engineered mouse models. Before embryo implantation, epithelial PGR mediates the progesterone signal to transcriptionally increase the Ihh levels 13, 15. Epithelial IHH then activates the stromal hed
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There is little question that as
2024-09-24
There is little question that as we become more proficient in the diagnosis of arginase 1 deficiency individuals with intermediary elevations in arginine on newborn screening and partial defects in enzymatic activity will be found. There are no reliable data to determine a safe level of arginine and
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Using the same techniques we found that UCP also
2024-09-24
Using the same techniques, we found that UCP3 also has a half-life of between 1 and 4h [117]. In assayed to UCP2 and UCP3, UCP1 and ANT had much longer half-lives and could not be degraded in the cell-free reconstituted system, suggesting their degradation is not mediated by the cytosolic proteasom
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At Johns Hopkins Aramco Health JHAH we
2024-09-24
At Johns Hopkins Aramco Health (JHAH), we started an ASP in 2011 with an educational program of physicians and pharmacist. The program was enhanced mid-2012 with the following interventions: a re-designed antibiotic sensitivity report [2], intravenous to oral conversion program, vancomycin pharmacok
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IMR-1 Moreover a multiple regression analysis using the
2024-09-24
Moreover, a multiple regression analysis using the 1-year MMSE score as a dependent variable was conducted. The result showed that serum IMR-1 levels at admission did not affect the MMSE score 1 year later (β = 0.10, p = 0.639). Discussion In this study, serum Aβ42 levels were significantly low
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PLX7904 In order to postulate its
2024-09-24
In order to postulate its binding mode in APN, PLX7904 13v was docked into the active site of APN (PDB code: 2DQM) using Sybyl_X 1.3. As illustrated in Fig. 5A, the catalytic zinc ion of APN was chelated by the hydroxamate moiety of 13v, and the S1, S1′ and S2′ pockets of APN were occupied by the l
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br Introduction The structural similarities between puromyci
2024-09-24
Introduction The structural similarities between puromycin (1, Fig. 1) and the aminoacyl adenyl terminal of aminoacyl–tRNA allow it to terminate the protein synthesis process by causing premature release of a polypeptide from the ribosome [1], [2]. Tremendous progress in the study of puromycin an
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br Functions essentially consisting in transport
2024-09-23
Functions essentially consisting in transport of substrates across plasma membranes Direct activation of neurotransmitter transporters elicits responses in neurons As previously mentioned (Section 2.1), nerve terminals handling classical transmitters possess transporters able to (re)capture se
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To investigate the potential link between G
2024-09-23
To investigate the potential link between Gβγ and MT assembly in vivo, cultured NIH3T3 and PC12 cells were used. The role of Gβγ in MT assembly was demonstrated using nocodazole, a MT depolymerizing drug [14]. We found that Gβγ was preferentially bound to MTs in NIH3T3 and PC12 cells and treatment w
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br Discussion With recently improved understanding of the ro
2024-09-23
Discussion With recently improved understanding of the role of βARK1 in the progression of HF and as a potential therapeutic target in HF, we explored the relationship between plasma βARK1, as a marker of chronic sympathetic overactivation, and physical symptoms in HF. Our main findings were 1) e
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